Poor sleep health could contribute to inflammatory disease

Sleep disturbances and long sleep duration are associated with increases in markers of inflammation, a new meta-analysis reports. Common sleep disturbances, such as insomnia, have been associated with increased risk of inflammatory disease and mortality.

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Missing link in epigenetics could explain conundrum of disease inheritance

The process by which a mother's diet during pregnancy can permanently affect her offspring's attributes, such as weight, could be strongly influenced by genetic variation in an unexpected part of the genome, according to research. The discovery could shed light on why many human genetic studies have previously not been able to fully explain how certain diseases, such as type 2 diabetes and obesity, are inherited.

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More frequent exercise therapy benefits bone strength in very low weight pre-term infants

A new study investigated whether increasing the frequency of physical activity intervention to twice daily has a greater effect on bone strength compared to a once daily intervention or no intervention at all. The findings demonstrate that the bone mass response to exercise in very low birth weight pre-term infants is dose-related.

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How obesity contributes to, blocks treatment of pancreatic cancer

Investigators have discovered the mechanism by which obesity increases inflammation and desmoplasia -- an accumulation of connective tissue -- in the most common form of pancreatic cancer and also identify a treatment strategy that may inhibit the process.

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Liraglutide reduces blood sugars in patients taking large amounts of insulin

A new drug called Liraglutide has several effects on the body: It increases insulin secretion; it reduces hunger; and it decreases glucagon secretion. Insulin and glucagon are molecules produced by the pancreas that have opposing effects, with insulin reducing blood sugar levels and glucagon increasing blood sugar levels. Insulin is secreted by beta cells in the pancreas and glucagon is secreted by alpha cells in the pancreas.

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Your kids are what you eat, researchers show

Parent-child diet quality and calories consumed are related in significant ways, research indicates. This discovery could lead to better strategies as the nation works to address the growing public health problems of obesity and related conditions such as heart disease, stroke and diabetes.

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Obese preschoolers have 60 percent higher healthcare costs than healthy weight children

Obese children aged 2-5 years old are two to three times more likely to be admitted to hospital and have 60 percent higher healthcare costs than healthy weight children, a study an Australian research team has found. This is the first study to reveal the higher direct health care costs of obesity in preschool aged children compared with those of normal weight.

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Enjoying meals prepared at home: Short-cut to avoiding diabetes?

People who often consume meals prepared at home are less likely to suffer from type 2 diabetes than those who consume such meals less frequently, according to new epidemiological research.

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Pasta is not fattening -- quite the opposite, Italian study finds

A study based on over 23,000 Italian citizens recruited in two large epidemiological studies does justice to one of the fundamental elements of the Mediterranean diet, showing how pasta consumption is actually associated with a reduced likelihood of both general and abdominal obesity.

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Policymakers fall short on global agreement to reduce marketing unhealthy foods to kids

While small steps have been taken by the global food and beverage industry to reduce the targeted marketing of unhealthy foods and beverages to children and teens, comprehensive measures to keep them from falling under the influence of such marketing efforts have fallen short of a World Health Organization resolution to reduce obesity, a new study suggests.

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Higher consumption of unsaturated fats linked with lower mortality rates

Consuming higher amounts of unsaturated fats was associated with lower mortality rates, according to a new study. The researchers found higher consumption of saturated and trans fats was linked with higher mortality compared with the same number of calories from carbohydrates. This study provides further support for the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans that emphasize the types of fat rather than total amount of fat in the diet.

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Extra fat does not act as an insulator

Carrying excess fat does not contribute to a warmer body in obese mice, a new study on the insulating effects of fat finds. What did work to keep the mice warm was fur. The research team found fur to be a significant protector against heat loss, responsible for roughly half of a mouse's insulation.

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How lifestyle intervention for weight loss affects birth rates in women with a high BMI

Women who are overweight or obese pose an ongoing challenge for the fertility clinic. Many studies show that these patients are at increased risk of infertility and are less likely than normal-weight women to conceive after fertility treatment.

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